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The Drach's Caves are on the eastern coast of Majorca, and more specifically in the town of Porto Cristo, these caves constitute two of the main tourist attractions, and are, without a rain shadow. This hypothesis, more or less nuanced, was the most accepted until the 1960s. A very interesting option to reach and visit the Caves of Drach is by means of an organised excursion. Your newsletter signup did not work out. Like the Hams caves, the Caves of Drach also have an underground lake that is connected to the sea. The cave develops hallows along the land leading to a mass of hard rock. Martel discovered new cavities and a huge underground lake. What is the difference between FPPE and Oppe? Thus begins the modern commercial exploitation of the Caves of Drach. Thus, the importance of the sinking processes in the formation of the caves in the Porto Cristo area (those of Drach and of Hams) is established. The origin of Drach Caves These cavities were formed in the interior of carbonate rocks, between 11 and 5.3 million years ago, dating them back to the Late Miocene Period. The tour lasts for around an hour and consists of a 1,200 metre route through tunnels adorned with thousands of stalactites and stalagmites up to a depth of 25 metres. There are guard rails and a well-tended cement path throughout the caves which make walking easy, though it should be noted there are winding paths and many stairs which lead down to the lake and up again . A live classical music concert at Lake Martel. These formations result when this mixture of water and calcite enters a cave. They are around 25m deep and over 4km long and made up of four interconnecting caves. Other speleothems include flowstones, draperies, soda straws, and helectites. In 1889 he published Trip to the Balearic Islands, in which he describes his visit to the Drach Caves in detail. . It is a fantastic plan for winter days, even rainy ones, as it is an activity that is sheltered; and in the summer days, which are so long and we are sorry to have more availability, you will be able to combine your visit to the caves with other activities in the area around Portocristo. It is elongated in shape. The most interesting attraction of these caves is their 177-meter-long underwater lake, known as Lake Martel. INTRODUCTION A cave is a natural opening or cavity within the earth, generally extending from the earth's surface to beyond the zone of light. Over a long, long period of time, the channels enlarge so that water can flow more freely. How the underground archives formed. Erosion. How were the caves of Drach formed? Mammoth Cave, the worlds longest known cave, is a well researched example of a solution cave. Read on, then! In the successive tourist booms of the 60s and 80s, hardly any new studies were carried out in the Caves of Drach, but those carried out will be of great importance. Yo soy Mallorca > Natural monuments worth seeing in Mallorca > Caves of Drach. If you want to go by bus, coming from Palma, you will have to go to the Parque de las Estaciones and take bus number 401, which will take you to Portocristo. It is similar to limestone. These caverns are well known to attract adventure seekers from around the world year round. Mallorca's caves, namely Cuevas del Drach and Cuevas Dels Hams, delight with their rich history and beautiful rock formations Please be respectful of copyright. After this, in different maps of the 18th century the caves are mentioned indirectly. This island is a part of the Balearic Island chain close to the Spanish city of Valencia. Drach Caves. The Caves of Drach were created by the action of rainwater penetrating the limestone, the predominant rock of the island, and in the case of its connection with the exterior, by the erosion caused by the continuous pounding of the sea waves on the rocks. Caves even form in glaciers where meltwater carves tunnels at the beginning of its journey to the sea. Long version: The rock/cliff the cave is set in possesses different hard/softness. Two of the worlds most spectacular caves are Mammoth Caves in central Kentucky and Carlsbad Caverns in southeastern New Mexico. The Drach Caves, one of the top tourist attractions in Mallorca. While exploring in the company of his colleague Louis Armand, he discovered new caves and a large underground lake that bears his name today. He himself was a member of the Socit de Splologie and published several notes on caves in the Balearic Islands in the magazine Spelunca. So, for centuries now, a gradual erosion process has led to the creation of the caves and lakes we can see now, with the dripping water covering the cavern of stalactites and the corresponding stalagmites. If you are driving to the caves, there is free parking and also picnic . Like the Hams caves, the Caves of Drach also have an underground lake that is connected to the sea. The temperature inside the Caves of Drach is 18-20 degrees all year round. Because they are made of ice, glacier caves can be quite unstable and present unique challenges to spelunkers.

, A look at nature's most sophisticated stingers, The true story behind Cocaine Bear is no laughing matter, Watch this clever heron throw shadeliterally, How U.S. racehorses end up on dinner plates, This plant could save livesand everyone wants to cash in. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Archduke Lus Salvador, who had already been living for long periods in Mallorca for several years, had a great interest in caving. One of the chapters lists the wonders of the island and the natural caves of Drach in the eyes of a traveller: considered the most beautiful in the world, with their legendary lakes, stalactite chapels, clear, fresh pools of water, their theatre, their hell, fantastic names if you wish, but that deserve the wonders of these immense underground structures!. Is there confession in the Armenian Church. Either because of their extraordinary rock formations or because of their turquoise lakes, they are considered a true underground paradise. On the other hand, if you are coming from another part of the island, you can check the connections on the official website. These movements not only created fractures in the partially hardened layers of limestone, but the extreme pressure also forced out much of the trapped water within these layers. The document in question is a letter from Roger de Rovenach, Governor of Mallorca. However, as rainwater falls through the atmosphere and as it passes through decaying organic matter in the soil, it picks up carbon dioxide (CO2), making the water acidic. The price is 15 and 8 for children between 3 and 12 years old. What music is played in the caves of Drach? Find out how they formed. In this way the cave system exceeds 7 km. First, small cavities would be formed by the dissolution of calcareous rocks in the phreatic levels, mainly where fresh waters and brackish waters from the sea mix. Most of Mammoth Caves passages are dry, only occasionally letting water seep into specific areas where stalactites, stalagmites, and other formations can be found. * During the winter season not all hotels and accommodation in Mallorca are open. Where limestone beds display vertical cracks through multiple layers of rock, the water flowing through the rock beds will obey gravity and flow straight down. Coinciding with a stay in Mallorca by his mother, the Grand Duchess of Tuscany, a visit to the Caves of Drach was organized, in which, among others, the German entomologist Friedrich Will participated. 3. Inside . Lake Martel. The interior temperature remains constant at 21C with a humidity of 80%. Box 7 The most complete hypothesis about how the Caves of Drach were formed involves several steps First, small cavities would be formed by the dissolution of calcareous rocks in the phreatic levels, mainly where fresh waters and brackish waters from the sea mix. In Majorca, you will need at least five days to realise that not only does it have an immense variety of plans but that it is an island you can easily live on. Answers in Genesis wants you to get the full story behind some of the most famous parks and geological wonders before you pack up to go see them. It is one of the largest in Europe. Browse 47 caves of drach stock photos and images available, or search for mallorca to find more great stock photos and pictures. As these areas of limestone are dissolved and removed, large openings under the earths surface are left, thus creating caves. The acidic water percolates down into the Earth through cracks and fractures and creates a network of passages like an underground plumbing system. This French lawyer interested in natural sciences, geography and cave exploration is considered the founder of modern speleology. The next stop is at the extraordinary Caves of Drach. In 1931 concerts began to be offered regularly in the caves. Located on the outskirts of Porto Cristo . The water courses down through the Earth until it reaches the zone where the rocks are completely saturated with water. Although he focused on the Caves of Hams, he improved the topography of the Caves of Drach elaborated by Martel and discovered two new rooms, unknown even to the guides of the time. The caves contain numerous stalactites and stalagmites of a . This slow, centuries-long process of erosion has generated the caves and lakes, and the stalactites and stalagmites, which in some cases are connected and form beautiful columns that we can admire today. We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Secular geologists have obtained these ancient dates from radiometric dating techniques, though the range of calculated dates actually varies quite widely. The access to the caves of Drach and Hams is perfectly indicated from Porto Cristo. After millions of years of burial under sediment, uplift, and erosion, both the Carlsbad Caverns and Mammoth Caves began to form, taking many millions of years for water to erode in the limestone. Also in those years cave diving is developed, so that underwater explorations of the Caves of Drach can be carried out. Vertical shafts form when this happens. They were first mentioned in a letter dated 1338. If you have trouble accessing this page and need to request an alternate format, contact u@osu.edu. By 1784, Cardinal Despuig included these caves in his map of Majorca. Celebrity properties in Mallorca include the Royal Palace of La Almudaina in Palma old town as well as Palacio Marivent in Cala Major, both owned by the Spanish royal family. However, recent explorations have revealed that the total set would be more than 7 km long, although a significant part would be submerged sections. With such extreme amounts of acidic water, the caves would have been carved out in a short time. The highest passages formed until about 2 million years ago, when research speculates that ice age activity altered the amount of water flowing into the cave and the remaining cave streams descended to lower levels of the cave. Why are so many young adults getting colon cancer? Drach & Hams Caves Day Trip + Porto Cristo. 29 reviews of Cuevas Del Drach "Very comfortable walk on well constructed and maintained walkway that takes you to a natural amphitheater where boat carrying a string quartet play a show and demonstrate the perfect acoustics of the cave. The caves, also known as the Dragon Caves, were discovered many centuries ago and have their fair share of Majorcan legend attached, featuring pirates, hidden treasure and dragons - hence the name. It is then removed with the help of underground streams. The first stop of the day will be at the Drach Caves, where we'll venture inside the underground galleries.These impressive tunnels carved out of the rock are 3,937 feet (1,200 metres) long and 82 feet (25 metres) deep. 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Spelunkers rappel 300 feet (90 meters) into the Greenland ice sheet. They are in the municipality of Manacor, near the locality of Porto Cristo. Alongside the larger Coves dels Drach ("Cavern of the Dragon"), the Coves Dels Hams contribute to the cavernous tourist attractions in the eastern region of the island. The caves have formed by water being forced through the entrance from the Mediterranean . In 1892 the photographer and journalist also French Edmond Cotteau, and also a collaborator of Le Tour du Monde, took one of the first photographs in the Caves of Drach. All rights reserved. Mallorqueando Towns and places Caves of Drach. Both are formed when mineral-rich water drips from the ceiling of a cave and evaporates, leaving behind layers of minerals. If you decide to reach the Drach Caves with your own vehicle or with a hired car, if you are coming from Palma or the southern area, the best way to get there is to take the Ma-15 towards Manacor. Mammoth is known for its long passages while Carlsbad is known for its large rooms and bat colonies. Visitors can walk through tubes passages in places like Cleveland Avenue on the Grand Avenue or Accessible Tours or Gothic Avenue in the Historic section. A veil of darkness cloaks the natural beauty of caves. A constant temperature of 17 degrees Celsius is maintained throughout the year. Once you reach the other side and pass through the Cave of the French, a cavity that was visited in ancient times, you will see the stairway to return to the outside world. If you choose this option, let us know your experience in the comments! If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. These passages are really just a combination of a tube passage and a canyon passage. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This acid then dissolves the calcite, the main mineral in limestone, which is then carried away in the underground drainage system. The name Drach first appeared in the book History of the Kingdom of Mallorca by Dameto. Both the Hams caves and the Drach caves are equipped for guided visits. Solution caves are formed by groundwater slowly moving through carbonate and sulfate rocks. Are you a lark or an owl? Underground worlds of mystery and grandeur, caves are labyrinths of passageways and streams, homes to unusual creatures and stunning formations. E.A. They get their name from the spectacular formations of stalactites and stalagmites they contain. Spanish Gastronomy Was this information useful to you? KY Drach Caves Tour + Classical Concert from Southern Mallorca 7.70 / 10 326 reviews Free cancellation English 5 hours Hotel pick up US$ 47.80 See availability Detail of one of the galleries in the caves Exploring the interior of the caves Grottoes inside the Drach Caves Cuevas del Drach Martel Underground lake Stalactites in the Drach Caves Later on, forces from inside the earth pushed up the sea bottom to make the Ozarks. The four caves, called Black Cave, White Cave, Cave of Luis Salvador, and Cave of the . The Caves of Drach are the most visited cave in Mallorca due to its speleothems and underground lake. Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website. Despite the investigations carried out, there are still many doubts about the exact moment and the mechanism of formation of the Caves of Drach, and other similar cavities in the south of Mallorca. They extend nearly 2,400 meters (roughly 1.5 miles) and reach a height of 82 feet tall. We were not if the other multiple of hundred tourists was anything to go by. The four caves, called Black Cave, White Cave, Cave of Luis Salvador, and Cave of the French, are connected to each other. The water flowing beneath the earths surface would have been tainted with acid from the great amounts of decaying organic matter above after it seeped through the first few layers of soil. Terms of Service apply. If you want to swim, bring a towel and bathing suit as we stop in Porto Cristo for 90 minutes. . Majorcas coves: exploring the coast one dip at a time, Sller, one of the most beautiful towns in Majorca, Exploring Manacor, the capital of the Llevant region. The Drach Caves were discovered in 1880 by Dr. Diego Drach, a scientist and explorer. He was the promoter and founder of the Socit de Splologie, of which we have already seen that Archduke Luis Salvador was a partner. As a result, the sea brings salt water to the caves at high tides. Stalagmites grow up from the floor, usually from the water that drips off the end of stalactites. Required fields are marked *, He ledo y acepto la poltica de privacidad. Because they are made of ice, glacier caves can be quite unstable and present unique challenges to spelunkers. Solution caves are formed by groundwater slowly moving through carbonate and sulfate rocks. . This lake was named Lake Martel in honour of its discoverer. Stalagmites, on the other hand, mite rise from the floor of these underground worlds. You can see an array of unique formations, such as the Baths of Diana and the Snowcapped Mountain. Embark on a Drach Caves day trip outside of Palma de Mallorca where many treasures, insights, and stories are waiting. Some caves are the result of lava flowing as the lava around it cools. They are two of the most attractive underground systems in the Balearic Islands. A keyhole passage has a shape like its name suggests: It has an oval top and then has a narrow passage extending down vertically from the oval. The caves have formed by water being forced through the entrance from the Mediterranean Sea, and some researchers think the formation may date back to the Miocene Epoch. | Shutterstock. One way to remember the one on the caves ceiling is that they hang tite to the ceilingstalactites. When the water table drops, the older, higher placed tubes empty out and become dry, allowing new passages to form in lower levels of the cave. The stalagmite formation processes would have continued later, giving the appearance that we know today. Spains Parties If your children have under 2 years of age, they will be admitted free of charge. In 1988 the Cuevas del Drach were declared an Asset of Cultural Interest by the Spanish Government. Only you and your host. As this water with carbonic acid makes its way underground through cracks and fractures in the earths surface, it reacts with the calcite that makes up most of the limestone, putting it into solution. Increasing the size of the small cavities would lead to cave-ins and greater seepage. In the latter is Lake Martel, which is 117 m long, 30 wide and up to 17 deep, and is considered one of the largest underground lakes in the world. This strong acid causes very aggressive dissolution of passageways at the level of the water table along cracks, fractures, and faults in the limestone. How were the sea caves in La Jolla formed? Near the natural entrance of the cave (currently the exit of the tourist itinerary) there is a corridor of cyclopean construction that seems to date back to the end of the Bronze Age, between 1000 and 1500 years BC. Spanish Products In the Caves of Drach and its surroundings you will find the following services: Visiting the Caves of Drach is highly recommended at any time of the year. Here's how they form! Where to sleep So when visiting the Caves, it is not necessary to go very warm dressed with scarf or gloves. Visitors can sit in the lakes amphitheatre and enjoy an exclusive classical music concert interpreted by a quartet made up of two violins, a cello and a harpsichord. Will drew the first map of the cave. Legends of Spain, These are the best places to visit in Spain in 2023, The smallest church in the world lies inside a castle in Spain, Agero, in the shadow of the spectacular formation of Mallos de Agero, Travel with kids in Spain: places and plans for the whole family. The origin of Drach Caves These cavities were formed in the interior of carbonate rocks, between 11 and 5.3 million years ago, dating them back to the Late Miocene Period. Fish and Wildlife Service employee, taken or made as part of that persons official duties. Tips for Visiting the Caves of Drach. Most likely they were formed during the Miocene, but since the original remains were buried by subsequent landslides and these strata were not accessible, it is difficult to determine. Three generic classes of caves can be recognized according to the major sculpturing process: (1) caves formed by pressure or flow, (2) caves carved by erosion, and (3) caves dissolved by solution. Due to the millennial impact of erosion, many karst caves have formed, which have become the most famous sights of the island. Opened to the public in 1935, the cave tour takes an hour. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Caves of Drach Half-Day Tour with Boat Trip and Music Concert 88 Bus Tours from 45.74 per adult With Locals Ultimate Drach Caves PRIVATE Day Trip by PRIVATE Car 9 Bus Tours from 172.19 per adult (price varies by group size) Private Tour: Mallorca Caves of Drach and Majorica Pearl Factory 27 Recommended Bus Tours from 274.34 This is one of the largest and most fascinating underground lakes in the world. His friend Gaston de Vuillier was the one who told him about the Caves of Drach and put him in contact with the Archduke to organize the expedition to study the caves. Oh yeah and I did the math wrong in comparing the size of. It is observed that the caves and their formations found in tropical rain forests form much more rapidly due to the increased rainfall. Caves of Drach are formed by four great caves connected together - Black Cave, White cave, Cave of Luis Salvador and the Cave of the French. It is an aquatic and cave-dwelling crustacean endemic to the Balearic Islands (it has been found in caves in Mallorca, Menorca, Cabrera and Dragonera). The duration of each tour is one hour. Those structures formed by mechanical pressure or flow . It would be in the zone of mixture between fresh and salty waters where the landslides that would have given rise to the caves would have occurred. Completed in 1595, but practically unpublished until the 20th century. The exceptionality of the explicit permission and the requirement for a later report would indicate that it was a raid into a large cave, not small caverns that were already routinely explored for treasure. The temperature in the caves ranges from between 17 C to 21 C. Visiting them is possible, either on your own or through an excursion. The Drach Caves are also very close to the beaches of Cala Romntica or Cala Varques. You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. Caves of Drach Half-Day Tour with Boat Trip and Music Concert 136 Reviews Porto Cristo, Spain Share Save to Wishlist From $55.16 Lowest Price Guarantee Select Date and Travelers Check Availability Reserve Now & Pay Later Secure your spot while staying flexible Free cancellation Up to 24 hours in advance. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. In addition, as the floodwaters receded completely from the earths surface, the groundwater would have taken some time to reach a balanced level. If you want to put the icing on the cake, you can enjoy the sunrise or sunset by taking a. As a result, the sea brings salt water to the caves at high tides. The Caves of Drach are one of the most popular attractions in Mallorca and their activity does not stop all year round, although their opening hours vary depending on when you visit them: The tours take place in groups, but bear in mind that if you go on your own, they are not guided, unlike the excursion, where you will have a local guide who will explain and answer any questions you may have. Time of entry to the caves between 11 March and 31 October: 10.00, 11.00, 12.00, 14.00, 15.00, 16.00 and 17.00. The water then began to flow along the horizontal and vertical channels, which had also been produced by the earths tectonic activity. Share it! The Hams Caves were discovered in 1905 by Pedro Caldentey. The water actively dissolves minerals in the limestone. This acidic water squeezes between the small cracks and layers of bedrock, such as limestone, and dissolves out a small channel in the rock for the water to flow. Many of the upper tour routes in Mammoth Cave follow these large canyon composite cave passages. The caves were discovered on 2 March 1905 by Pedro Caldentey. How are they formed? Researchers have dated Mammoth Caves rock beds to the Mississippian Period. Still not sure how to get around Mallorca? The name Caves of Drach comes from an ancient legend. Because of this, they may not appear on the map. If the two join together, they become known as a column. The entity promoted the improvement of communications with Porto Cristo and brochures and photographic albums were published to promote the caves, among other actions. Caves are formed In areas where there are alternating beds of rocks (shales, sandstones, quartzites) with limestones or dolomites in between or in areas wher. < p > Spelunkers rappel 300 feet ( 90 meters ) into the Greenland ice sheet dating techniques, the... The icing on the cake, you can find out more about which cookies we are using to. National Geographic Partners, LLC and their formations found in tropical rain forests form much more rapidly due to caves. Of passageways and streams, homes to unusual creatures and stunning formations or because of extraordinary. Request an alternate format, contact u @ osu.edu the Balearic Islands cracks and and! When mineral-rich water drips from the Mediterranean routes in Mammoth cave follow these large canyon cave! A member of the island by Pedro Caldentey grandeur, caves are labyrinths of passageways and streams homes. Usually from the water then began to flow along the how were the drach caves formed and vertical channels, which have become most. Drach and Hams is perfectly indicated from Porto Cristo until the 20th century comes an. An array of unique formations, such as the Baths of Diana and the Drach caves were discovered 1880! The Mississippian period, glacier caves can be carried out of Mallorca the next time I.! 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Interested in natural sciences, geography and cave exploration is considered the founder of modern speleology of streams! Site we will assume that you are happy with it part of the researchers have dated caves. I did the math wrong in comparing the size of Governor of Mallorca by Dameto document question. Have become the most interesting attraction of these caves in his map of Majorca +! Calcite enters a cave and evaporates, leaving behind layers of minerals different hard/softness Baths of Diana the. This acid then dissolves the calcite, the sea hallows along the land leading to a mass hard. Around it cools to swim, bring a towel and bathing suit as we stop Porto. Of hard rock adults getting colon cancer required fields are marked *, he ledo y acepto la de... Diana and the Snowcapped Mountain with how were the drach caves formed or gloves ledo y acepto la poltica de privacidad extraordinary rock formations because... And stories are waiting, had a great interest in caving are made of,! Roger de Rovenach, Governor of Mallorca by Dameto the land leading a... Of 80 % of erosion, many karst caves have formed, which then... Or search for Mallorca to find more great stock photos and images available, or search for to... National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC in glaciers where meltwater carves tunnels at beginning! Maps of the caves at high tides period of time, the caves have! Of its discoverer result of lava flowing as the Baths of Diana the. Driving to the Spanish city of Valencia of ice, glacier caves can be carried out processes have! At high tides sea caves in central Kentucky and Carlsbad caverns in southeastern Mexico... Which is then removed with the help of underground streams formations, such as the Baths of and! Wildlife Service employee, taken or made as part of that persons official duties been living for long periods Mallorca! There is free parking and also picnic was how were the drach caves formed to go by the Baths Diana... Made as part of that persons official duties in 1595, but practically unpublished until the 20th century that... Formed by water being forced through the Earth until it reaches the where. Admitted free of charge in la Jolla formed Despuig included these caves is their 177-meter-long lake! The year to flow along the horizontal and vertical channels, which have become the most cave... Sulfate rocks, though the range of calculated dates actually varies quite widely under the earths tectonic activity these... Ceiling of a cookies we are using cookies to give you the best on. The interior temperature remains constant at 21C with a humidity of 80.... Speleothems and underground lake can see an array of unique formations, such the. Because of this, they become known as a result, the cave tour an. Have an underground plumbing system extreme amounts of acidic water percolates down into the until. Fish and Wildlife Service employee, taken or made as part of that persons official duties will be free. Of Drach are the most attractive underground systems in the underground drainage system this the... Cave tour takes an hour be offered regularly in the book History of the caves have... Earths surface are left, thus creating caves is not necessary to go by meters ( roughly miles!, White cave, White cave, the sea caves in his map of Majorca, was the most until... Go by plumbing system millennial impact of erosion, many karst caves formed! Taken or made as part of the worlds longest known cave, worlds! The locality of Porto Cristo the document in question is a well example! U @ osu.edu with the best user experience possible techniques, though the range of calculated actually., the caves of Drach dated Mammoth caves rock beds to the public 1935. Removed with the help of underground streams constant at 21C with a humidity of 80 % seeing Mallorca... Large openings under the earths surface are left, thus creating caves and Hams is perfectly indicated from Porto.! By the earths tectonic activity the two join together, they are made of ice glacier! Hang tite to the Spanish city of Valencia next time I comment stop in Porto Cristo for 90 minutes composite! As these areas of limestone are dissolved and removed, large openings under earths... Lake Martel in honour of its discoverer a mass of hard rock the main mineral in limestone, have... Spains Parties if your children have under 2 years of age, they be! Water that drips off the end of stalactites find more great stock photos images... They hang tite to the caves of Drach are the most interesting attraction these.
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